Lens design fundamentals, second edition, is the most comprehensive treatise to be published on the subject of lens design. As i described in a paper at the 2014international optical design conference, this class of optics is interesting be they are of a reasonable complexity that the designs are likely to be instructive, they offer a small range of design constraints because of the standardization of cmos imager sizes. An interesting new wideangle lens type is a fourcomponent form found commonly on the socalled compact 35mm cameras. Lens design techniques to improve satisfaction in freeform. Although i have taken a great deal of effort to assure accuracy, the user of any of. In this article, we shall explore 4 important factors in bokeh, and find out how to control the bokeh effect created so that it appears as intended. Design examples of several widely used modern lenses are provided. Lens curvature, width, position, type of glass some can be fixed, other vary with focal length, focus e. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. This lens is characterized by a triplet construction followed by a rear element that is strongly meniscusshaped, convex to the image plane. A practical guide optical sciences and applications of light. The focus is set at the time of lens design, and remains fixed.
A practical guide optical sciences and applications of light kindle edition by sun, haiyin. Zoom lens design of mobilephone camera with globalexplorer optimization chaoyu hung and jyhlong chern department of photonics, institut e of electrooptical engineering microelectronic and information system research center national chiaotung university, hsinchu, taiwan, 30050, r. It is usually set to the hyperfocal distance, so that the depth of field ranges all the way down from half that distance to infinity, which is acceptable for most cameras used for capturing images of humans or objects larger than a meter. Auto focus with manual lenses adapted lens talk forum. The design parameters of optical system are typically to form a complicated multidimensional. Modern lens design mcgrawhill professional engineering. It adds impressive building blocks to the foundation established by a. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading lens design.
Reproduction of significant portions of ti information in ti data books or data sheets. As well as a focus on classic games, this book will strive to deliver the deep est and most fundamental principles of game design, as opposed to genrespecific. Continuing to focus on fundamental methods and procedures of lens design, this revision by r. A selected bibliography of writings by rudolf kingslake 555 index 557. The adapter to lens interface is still dumb as there are no electronics in the lens but the adapter communicates with the camera directly, moving the lens back and forth while using the cameras processor to determine when the image is in focus. The serial numbered lens is supplied with an official nikon inc. Zoom lens design of mobilephone camera with globalexplorer.
A course in lens design is an instruction in the design of imageforming optical systems. Every step from setup specifications to finalizing the design for production is discussed in a straight forward, tangible way. Here, we learn about 4 factors that affect deep focus. The design dates from the 1980s but is a truly stunning design with perhaps decades of performance on par with or higher than its peers still up its sleeve. Lens design, camera zoom lens, cmos sens or, optimization, global explorer, mobilephone camera lens 1.
Optomechanical systems design optical science and engineering book 105. In this new edition of smiths book, the focus has changed with the times. Black art of massaging the merit function optimize for all image locations all wavelengths all apertures. The percival philosophy is similar to that used in modern spectacle lens design. These have been widely used as phase detection auto focus af methods within conventional digital singlelens reflex dslr cameras. Field guide to lens design 2012 bentley publications. Velzel left philips in 1997 to join the company nano focus oberhausen. Click on document introduction to lens design with practical zemax examples pdf. Deep focus deep focus, where all elements in an image are in focus, is a technique that is often used in landscape photography and street photography. A system of partial differential equations defi ning optical.
This lens has much less astigmatism than either conventional triplets or tessars and can. Always apply the right lens first to avoid mixing them up and check the lens is not inside out as shown in the diagrams above. Its function is to bend rays of light by a physical process called. A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of. Microprism focusing in single lens reflex cameras slrs is dif ficult at. Other mcgrawhill books of interest hecht the laser guidebook manning stochastic electromagnetic image propagation nishihara, haruna, suhara optical integrated circuits rancourt optical thin films users handbook sibley optical communications smith modern optical engineering smith modern lens design waynant, ediger. Camera lenses have been discussed in a large number of books and articles. Sta vroudis february 18, 1959 this paper describes a new method of defining the total aberrations of a n optical system. Optical lens design is the process of designing a lens to meet a set of performance requirements and constraints, including cost and manufacturing limitations. Practical computeraided lens design 1998 edition open.
Different versions of the class of lenses are presented and can be used to form a practical startingpoint base for many types of lens. A simple lens is a polished piece of glass with concave or convex surfaces. The book not only covers theory of lens design but the author also delves into the math using practical examples. A practical guide optical sciences and applications. Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its.
New designs can now rival fixed focal length lenses for most applications, and with the use of aspherics can be low cost. Design for near and distant viewing distances is essentially identical. The book introduces geometrical optics, optical instruments and aberrations. Penelope przekop 2008 aberrations fiction introduction to lens design. It is usually set to the hyperfocal distance, so that the depth of field ranges all the way down from half that distance to infinity, which is acceptable for most cameras used for capturing images of humans or objects. We have not included any specific design examples of lenses for largeformat cameras. Some nikkor lenses will have additional identification, includ. Barry johnson of a classic modernizes symbology and nomenclature, improves conceptual clarity, broadens the study of aberrations, enhances discussion of multimirror systems, adds tilted and decentered systems with eccentric pupils, explores use of. Use the lensmakers equation to determine the focal length of a thin lens. Relaxation of various restrictions has led to new zoom lens types which include multiple zooming groups and advanced concepts for focusing. The process of designing lenses is both an art and a science.
Introduction to lens design with practical zemax examples pdf. A large part of this book is devoted to a study of possible design procedures for various types of lens or mirror systems, with fully worked examples of each. This practical guide to lens design is very timely as many young. Jan 01, 2006 this title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the united states. In contrast to the sigmas autofocusoptimized design is a bit of a relic. Principles of atoric lens design darryl meister, abom lens talk sola technical marketing vol. Ptolemy 2nd century wrote a book on optics, which however survives only in the. We exploit the phenomenon of total internal reflection when designing light. In a 0% offset design light engine, the center of the dmd is aligned exactly with the optical axis of. Method 1 correct lens has an even cup shape incorrect lens is shallower and more pointed at edges method 2 correct when lens is curled between fingers, lens curls inwards incorrect when lens is.
While advancements in the field over the past two centuries have done much to transform it from the former category to the latter, much of the lens design process remains encapsulated in the experience and knowledge of industry veterans. Design a modern optical system requires the integration of expertise in widely different fields such as, lens design, thermal and mechanical analysis, sensors, etc. Careful design of the lens system for a particular application minimizes the aberration. It teaches how a satisfactory design can be obtained in a straightforward way. Method of zoom lens design article pdf available in applied optics 4732.
Image of a point at infinity showing lens focal length. The zemax code in the book is a bit dated by now but most users should be able to still use it for newer editions of the software. The people at lightmachinery are veterans of the laser and optics world with many years of experience in the areas of optical design, high power lasers, optical fabrication, laser systems, metrology, thin film coatings and custom machinery fabrication. Xiao, gaussian quadrature for optical design with noncircular pupils and fields, and broad wavelength ranges, proc. There are also many useful figures to help visualize the main issuesconsiderations of lens design. Introdution recently, global optimization algorithm is widely applied in optical design, regardless of fixed focal lens or zoom lens system. There are about half as many lens designs in the new edition, and the new material is. Unlike the first edition, which was more a collection of lens designs for use in larger projects, the 2nd edition of modern lens design is an optical howto. A photographic lens for which the focus is not adjustable is called a fixedfocus lens or sometimes focusfree. Threeglass apochromatic lens designed for visible through shortwave infrared b. Products purchased from third party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements. Programs and books useful for automatic lens design 549 17. Lens design techniques to improve satisfaction in freeform progressive addition lens users. A practical guide to lens design focuses on the very detailed practical process of lens design.
Your camera is a small, portable darkness, and the lens is its window on the world. The reader is urged to follow the logic of these examples and be sure that he understands what is happening, noticing particularly how each available degree of freedom is used to control one aberration. The art of game design a book of lenses jesse schell carnegie mellon university amsterdam boston heidelberg london new york oxford paris san diego san francisco singapore sydney tokyo morgan kaufmann publishers is an imprint of elsevier. Optimization in optical design montana state university. Gaussian optics and primary aberrations are used to obtain good starting design types. This book is superb because it lays out different lens design forms suitable for different fnumber and fov. Modern lens design mcgrawhill professional engineering, warren j. Parameters include surface profile types spherical, aspheric, holographic, diffractive, etc. This book holds a unique place in the optics literature. Further, 50% of these wearers have corrections with over 0. All are for folded zooms, which provide an interesting study. This is a highly asymmetrical design, so it probably breathes quite intensely.
Practical computeraided lens design by gregory hallock smith, 1998, willmannbell edition, in english 1st english ed. In lens design with large computers, proceedings of the conference, institute of optics, government superintendent, rochester, new york. Theory is limited to a minimum, and used to support the practical design work. Zoom lens design of mobilephone camera with global. Lenses and depth of field university of california, irvine. A tutorial for designing fundamental imaging systems. Lens design techniques to improve satisfaction in free.
Basic principles about designing paraxial systems are introduced. In stark contrast to what is taught in optics textbooks, our research has shown. Scientists have created a camera that does not need to be focused by using a single. After choosing the best lens design for depth of focus, the. Conrady in applied optics and optical design and rudolph kingslake in lens design. Archived from the original pdf on 23 november 2009. You can confirm that nikkor lens has been officially imported by checking the following. Design of wide angle and large aperture optical system. The book introduces geometrical optics, optical instruments and. It is shown in most basic books on optics see references listed at end of this module. The lens collects light from the outside universe and focusses it onto the film. A tutorial for designing fundamental imaging systems koichi taniguchi opti 521 distance learning college of optical science university of arizona november 2009,, abstract this tutorial shows what to do when we design optomechanical system for imaging system. Chapter 16 handbook of optics photonics research group.
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